The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2022
Skin Testing and Drug Provocation Tests in Epidermal Necrolysis: A French Experience.
Многоцентровое исследованиеСтатьяНазвание и аннотация: Перевод пока не подготовлен
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Roux Camille, Ben Said Benoit, Milpied Brigitte, Bernier Claire, Staumont-Sallé Delphine, Dezoteux Frédéric, Soria Angèle, Barbaud Annick, Valeyrie-Allanore Laurence, Tétart Florence, Bellon Nathalia, Lebrun-Vignes Bénédicte, Gener Gwendeline, Paul Muriel, Ingen-Housz-Oro Saskia, Assier Haudrey
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: There are limited data on the use of skin testing, other than patch testing, and challenges in the evaluation of epidermal necrolysis (EN), including Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis.
OBJECTIVE: To report a French multicenter experience in skin testing and challenges in EN, and investigate the factors associated with tests' positivity.
METHODS: All patients who were evaluated by patch tests (PTs), skin prick tests, intradermal tests (IDTs), or drug provocation tests (DPTs) for EN between 2010 and 2020 were retrospectively included through 2 French drug reaction networks.
RESULTS: In total, 113 patients were included from 8 centers. Median (interquartile range) time from EN to hypersensitivity workup was 7.9 months (5.1-15 months). All patients had PTs, 17 (15%) had skin prick tests or IDTs with delayed readings and 32 (28.3%) had DPTs. One mild reaction occurred after a DPT. Overall, 22 patients (19.5%) had positive PTs, and the only factors associated with positivity were Algorithm of Drug Causality for Epidermal Necrolysis (ALDEN) score and drug class. Only 1 IDT was positive but considered irrelevant. The DPTs were never performed to prove responsibility of a highly suspected drug but were used to confirm current tolerance of needed medications.
CONCLUSIONS: Allergological workup in EN, performed by specialists involved in EN, seems safe. Skin tests, although of limited sensitivity, can be helpful for considering the reintroduction of essential drugs according to a benefit-to-risk decision. We propose an algorithm for approaching hypersensitivity testing in patients with EN, to be adapted to each patient.
OBJECTIVE: To report a French multicenter experience in skin testing and challenges in EN, and investigate the factors associated with tests' positivity.
METHODS: All patients who were evaluated by patch tests (PTs), skin prick tests, intradermal tests (IDTs), or drug provocation tests (DPTs) for EN between 2010 and 2020 were retrospectively included through 2 French drug reaction networks.
RESULTS: In total, 113 patients were included from 8 centers. Median (interquartile range) time from EN to hypersensitivity workup was 7.9 months (5.1-15 months). All patients had PTs, 17 (15%) had skin prick tests or IDTs with delayed readings and 32 (28.3%) had DPTs. One mild reaction occurred after a DPT. Overall, 22 patients (19.5%) had positive PTs, and the only factors associated with positivity were Algorithm of Drug Causality for Epidermal Necrolysis (ALDEN) score and drug class. Only 1 IDT was positive but considered irrelevant. The DPTs were never performed to prove responsibility of a highly suspected drug but were used to confirm current tolerance of needed medications.
CONCLUSIONS: Allergological workup in EN, performed by specialists involved in EN, seems safe. Skin tests, although of limited sensitivity, can be helpful for considering the reintroduction of essential drugs according to a benefit-to-risk decision. We propose an algorithm for approaching hypersensitivity testing in patients with EN, to be adapted to each patient.