From benign appearance to malignant truth: a case report of mesenteric dedifferentiated liposarcoma with inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor-like features.

Dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLPS) with inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT)-like features is a rare and diagnostically challenging variant of soft tissue sarcoma. We report the case of a 74-year-old man who presented with a mesenteric mass in 2022 and recurrent tumors in 2024. Tissue from both primary and recurrent tumors were submitted to our reference center for pathological reevaluation, with a suspicion of IMT being suspected. Although the tumors exhibited morphological characteristics consistent with those observed in IMT, they displayed distinctive histological, immunohistochemical and molecular features suggestive of DDLPS with IMT-like features, including amplification of the MDM2 gene. This report highlights the morphological spectrum of DDLPS, the diagnostic role of molecular pathology, and the importance of differentiating this aggressive neoplasm from benign entities such as IMT.