Retroperitoneal fibrosis. Exceptional cause of renal artery thrombosis with secondary hypertension. A case from University Mohamed V, CheikhZaid Hospital, Rabat, March 2013.

Retroperitoneal fibrosis is a rare cause of renal artery thrombosis, being the origin of renovascular hypertension, especially in patients less than thirty years old female, without particular medical history. A clinical case we present is a young 24 years old girl with no past history, hospitalized for the discovery of hypertension. She consulted for headache and progressive bilateral back pain, evolving for several months. She also complained for asthenia, accompanied by weight loss in about 7 pounds in 8 months. Clinical examination confirmed a very high blood pressure, bilateral lumbar pain, with a mass located in the left renal lodge. The diagnosis of right renal thrombosis was demonstrated (with dysfunctional right kidney) and a video-laparoscopic nephrectomy was performed. She had satisfactory postoperative clinical course with normalization of blood pressure a few days after, without medical treatment. <Learning objective: The interest is to know that the retroperitoneal fibrosis is a rare cause of renal artery thrombosis. In the search for the cause of renal arterial thrombosis, retroperitoneal fibrosis should not be forgotten; even of patients less than thirty years. The specific pathophysiology is unclear until now, the authors have been controversial. Important thing is to know that when all causes seem to have been discussed without result, retroperitoneal fibrosis can be a possible cause of renal thrombosis.>.