[Trauma, traumatic stress and depression following an airline catastrophy].

OBJECTIVES

Acute stress responses following a trauma indicate a sensitivity to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and is often comorbid with depression. Earlier exposure to a traumatic event can be an additional risk factor in PTSD development.

METHOD: Eight injured patients hospitalized after a major air disaster were monitored and assessed for a month. The symptoms of acute stress response (ASR), PTSD, and depression were assessed using DSM-IV criteria immediately following the accident, then each week thereafter. The Impact of Event Scale (IES) was completed on the 30th day (D30).

RESULTS

Four patients presented with an ASR, and 3 of them had a PTSD at D30. Of those 3 patients with PTSD, 2 presented with an associated depression. These 2 patients had been exposed to a traumatic event before the disaster; and a significant relation was found between the history of the earlier trauma and the PTSD associated with depression.

CONCLUSION

The traumatized victims with a history of earlier traumas seem more susceptible to developing a PTSD associated with depression.