Tuberculous effusive-constrictive pericarditis.

Infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the human immunodeficiency virus has reached epidemic proportions in South Africa. Cardiac involvement occurs in approximately one per cent of patients suffering from active tuberculosis. This concerns predominantly pericardial involvement, resulting in chronic pericardial effusions, cardiac tamponade and constrictive pericarditis. Effusive-constrictive pericarditis is a clinical haemodynamic syndrome in which constriction by the visceral pericardium occurs in the presence of a tense effusion in a free pericardial space. We present a patient who was diagnosed with this condition, and highlight the value of contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in demonstrating the underlying structural and functional abnormalities.