Peripheral neuropathy associated with antiglutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies.

Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase are found in some rare neurological diseases. However, acute peripheral neuropathy associated with antiglutamic acid decarboxylase autoimmunity has not been reported previously. Here we report a case of a patient who presented with acute cranial and peripheral neuropathy in association with the presence of serum antiglutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies. A 13-year-old boy was admitted to our pediatric neurology clinic with diplopia due to sixth cranial nerve palsy and ascending motor weakness in all extremities. The nerve conduction studies showed bilateral motor and sensory demyelinating neuropathy. Full recovery was achieved following intravenous immunoglobulin treatment. Glutamic acid decarboxylase autoimmunity-associated neurological diseases spectrum may also include acute demyelinating peripheral neuropathy.