[Disseminated mycobacteriosis associated with Mycobacterium avium-intracellular (MAI) complex in HIV infected patients].

Different types of samples from a 27-year-old female patient who was diagnosed AIDS after presenting an acute respiratory picture caused by Pneumocistis carinii, in 1997, were studied. From that moment on, the patient continued having respiratory pictures repeatedly, until she was admitted at "Pedro Kouri" Institute of Tropical Medicine with a chronic diarrheical picture, significant loss of weight and extreme anorexia, together with a constant wet cough, fever, etc. The necessary complementary tests were made and a hyperergic Mantoux and very low levels of CD4 cells (under 200 cells/m3) outstood. Microbiological studies were also conducted with samples from sputum, hemocultures and cerebrospinal fluid to discard the presence of acid-alcohol resistant bacilli (AARB). As a result of these studies, the repeated isolation was obtained in all types of worked samples from a slow-growth, creamy and non pigmented strain corresponding to Runyon's group III, which was classified as from the Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex. The patient was treated with antibacillary drugs without results, since she dies 4 weeks later due to the total dissemination of this infection. It should be stressed that it is the first case reported and microbiologically diagnosed of a generalized mycobacteriosis in a HIV positive patient due to Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare.