Under-documentation of diagnosis and follow-up procedures for overweight and obesity compared to other cardiovascular risk factors in hospitalised patients: A single centre, retrospective analysis.

BACKGROUND

Overweight and obesity, defined by a body-mass index (BMI) of 25-30 kg/m² and ≥ 30 kg/m² respectively, constitute a chronic disease with rising prevalence, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. Despite advances in understanding its pathophysiology and novel treatment options, overweight and obesity remain under-diagnosed and under-treated. This study aims to assess the registration of diagnosis and management procedures related to overweight and obesity compared to other cardiovascular risk factors in hospitalized patients.

METHODS

We conducted a single-centre, retrospective analysis of all patients hospitalized in October 2023 at the Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital of Bülach, Switzerland. Data were extracted from electronic patient records, focusing on the documentation of overweight and obesity, and related diagnosis-specific management procedures. We then compared the documentation and management of overweight and obesity with other cardiovascular risk factors being hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and dyslipidemia.

RESULTS

Among the 275 patients included, a BMI could be calculated in 242 individuals. Of these, 44 % had a BMI of ≥ 25 kg/m² but only 9 % had a documented diagnosis of overweight or obesity. Diagnosis-specific procedures were documented in only 11 % of patients with overweight or obesity, compared to 27 % and 30 % for hypertension and T2DM respectively.

DISCUSSION: The study suggests a substantial gap in the registration and management of overweight and obesity compared to other cardiovascular risk factors in hospitalized patients. This highlights the need for improved education of medical staff as well as protocols to enhance the diagnosis and treatment of obesity in hospital settings, ensuring comprehensive care and mitigating related health risks.