Closed Treatment of the Internal Nasal Valve.

The internal nasal valve, the narrowest portion of the nasal airway, is prone to collapse and is often targeted for improvement in nasal reconstruction and rhinoplasty. Endonasal techniques can reduce surrounding trauma and reduce operative times compared to traditional open methods. Options include the use of spreader, butterfly and alar batten grafts, suspension and flaring sutures, and Z-plasty for scarring. These techniques offer structural support and improved airflow with less risk of external changes, but also the challenges of limited visibility and the need for precise graft placement.