Clinical oral investigations · 2026
Association of serum lipid levels with incident periodontitis in a multicenter study.
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Im Yeong-Gwan, Baek Han-Sang, Baek Hey Sung
Аннотация
AIM: To examine whether specific serum lipid abnormalities are associated with incident periodontitis.
METHODS: We performed a retrospective, multicenter longitudinal study across 15 Korean hospitals mapped to the OMOP Common Data Model. Adults with ≥ 365 days of prior observation entered lipid-specific target or comparator cohorts on the index date: total cholesterol (TC) ≥ 200 vs. < 200 mg/dL; LDL-cholesterol (LDL) ≥ 130 vs. < 130 mg/dL; triglycerides (TG) ≥ 150 vs. < 150 mg/dL; and HDL-cholesterol (HDL) < 40 vs. ≥ 40 mg/dL. Within each hospital, 1:1 propensity-score matching balanced covariates. A 365-day lag preceded outcome surveillance to mitigate reverse causation. Incident periodontitis was identified using standardized diagnosis/procedure codes. Hospital-level Cox hazard ratios (HRs) were pooled using random-effects meta-analysis; negative-control outcomes with empirical calibration were conducted.
RESULTS: Periodontitis cases were 533 vs. 492 in TC cohorts (pooled HR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.38-1.99), 1,287 vs. 1,263 in LDL (1.37; 1.20-1.57), 1,535 vs. 1,452 in TG (1.27; 1.15-1.40), and 1,224 vs. 1,056 in HDL (1.39; 1.18-1.64). Calibration analyses did not indicate substantial residual systematic bias.
CONCLUSIONS: In this large multicenter observational study, abnormal serum lipid profiles were associated with higher hazards of incident periodontitis. These findings support a possible link between lipid metabolism and periodontitis, but should be interpreted in light of the observational design.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Serum lipid profiles may be associated with incident periodontitis and could be considered in future studies of periodontal risk assessment and integrated medical-dental care.
METHODS: We performed a retrospective, multicenter longitudinal study across 15 Korean hospitals mapped to the OMOP Common Data Model. Adults with ≥ 365 days of prior observation entered lipid-specific target or comparator cohorts on the index date: total cholesterol (TC) ≥ 200 vs. < 200 mg/dL; LDL-cholesterol (LDL) ≥ 130 vs. < 130 mg/dL; triglycerides (TG) ≥ 150 vs. < 150 mg/dL; and HDL-cholesterol (HDL) < 40 vs. ≥ 40 mg/dL. Within each hospital, 1:1 propensity-score matching balanced covariates. A 365-day lag preceded outcome surveillance to mitigate reverse causation. Incident periodontitis was identified using standardized diagnosis/procedure codes. Hospital-level Cox hazard ratios (HRs) were pooled using random-effects meta-analysis; negative-control outcomes with empirical calibration were conducted.
RESULTS: Periodontitis cases were 533 vs. 492 in TC cohorts (pooled HR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.38-1.99), 1,287 vs. 1,263 in LDL (1.37; 1.20-1.57), 1,535 vs. 1,452 in TG (1.27; 1.15-1.40), and 1,224 vs. 1,056 in HDL (1.39; 1.18-1.64). Calibration analyses did not indicate substantial residual systematic bias.
CONCLUSIONS: In this large multicenter observational study, abnormal serum lipid profiles were associated with higher hazards of incident periodontitis. These findings support a possible link between lipid metabolism and periodontitis, but should be interpreted in light of the observational design.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Serum lipid profiles may be associated with incident periodontitis and could be considered in future studies of periodontal risk assessment and integrated medical-dental care.