Hyperbranched polymer dots enhance hair follicle regeneration via Wnt/β-catenin activation: A drug-free nanozyme-based approach to hair growth therapy.

BACKGROUND

Hair loss affects millions worldwide, yet current pharmacological treatments remain limited in efficacy and long-term sustainability. The Wnt/β-catenin pathway plays a crucial role in hair follicle regeneration, providing a promising target for novel therapeutic interventions.

METHODS

This study investigates the potential of Hyperbranched Polymer Dots (HPD) as a novel nanotherapeutic for hair follicle regeneration. Using a C57BL/6 mouse model, we assessed the effects of topically applied HPD on hair growth, follicular proliferation, and key molecular markers of follicular activation. Optical coherence tomography (OCT), histological analysis, and immunofluorescence staining for Ki67 and β-catenin were performed to evaluate follicular activity at multiple time points.

RESULTS

HPD treatment significantly accelerated hair regrowth (p < 0.05) and enhanced follicular density compared to minoxidil-treated controls. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed upregulation of Ki67 and β-catenin, indicating enhanced follicular stem cell proliferation and activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Furthermore, HPD-treated mice exhibited increased melanin deposition, suggesting early follicular entry into the anagen phase.

CONCLUSION

Our findings demonstrate that HPD serves as a potent activator of hair follicle regeneration, surpassing the efficacy of conventional minoxidil treatment. By modulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling and enhancing follicular proliferation, HPD presents a promising nanomedicine-based approach for non-invasive hair restoration therapies. Future studies should focus on optimizing HPD formulations for clinical translation in treating androgenetic alopecia and related hair disorders.