Surgical and endoscopic interventions in the management of idiopathic achalasia.

This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: To assess the benefits and harms of endoscopic and surgical interventions for idiopathic achalasia, including pneumatic dilation, laparoscopic Heller myotomy (LHM), and per-oral endoscopic myotomy (POEM), using pairwise meta-analyses for direct comparisons and network meta-analysis for integrating direct and indirect comparisons.