BMC nutrition · 2026
Processed meat intake and gastric adenocarcinoma risk among adults in Central-West Brazil: a case-control study.
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Santiago Silvana Barbosa, Silva Alex Richard Costa, Curado Maria Paula, Ramos Amanda Ferreira Paes Landim, Bizinoto Ana Luísa Santos, de Brito Alexandre Menezes, Cardoso Daniela Medeiros Milhomem, Milhomem Leonardo Medeiros, Fernandes Gisele Aparecida, Barbosa Mônica Santiago
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Processed meat is classified as a Group 1 carcinogen; however, evidence from Latin America-particularly Brazil-regarding its role in gastric adenocarcinoma (GA) remains limited. We examined the association between processed meat intake of GA among adults in Brazil's Central-West region.
METHODS: This case-control study included 553 participants (166 cases, 189 endoscopic controls, and 198 hospital controls). Processed meat intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Associations were estimated using logistic regression models, calculating odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for each 10 g/day increment in processed meat consumption. Adjusted predicted probabilities were estimated using post-estimation marginal effects to evaluate dose-response patterns across an intake range of 0-40 g/day.
RESULTS: Higher processed meat intake was associated with an increased risk of GA in both comparisons, with an OR of 1.53 (95% CI: 1.09-2.15) using endoscopic controls and an OR of 1.28 (95% CI: 1.02-1.61) using hospital controls. Predictive margins showed an approximately linear dose-response pattern.
CONCLUSION: These findings provide evidence from an understudied Brazilian region and suggest processed meat intake as a potentially modifiable risk factor for GA.
METHODS: This case-control study included 553 participants (166 cases, 189 endoscopic controls, and 198 hospital controls). Processed meat intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Associations were estimated using logistic regression models, calculating odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for each 10 g/day increment in processed meat consumption. Adjusted predicted probabilities were estimated using post-estimation marginal effects to evaluate dose-response patterns across an intake range of 0-40 g/day.
RESULTS: Higher processed meat intake was associated with an increased risk of GA in both comparisons, with an OR of 1.53 (95% CI: 1.09-2.15) using endoscopic controls and an OR of 1.28 (95% CI: 1.02-1.61) using hospital controls. Predictive margins showed an approximately linear dose-response pattern.
CONCLUSION: These findings provide evidence from an understudied Brazilian region and suggest processed meat intake as a potentially modifiable risk factor for GA.