Causal relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and coronary heart disease: A bi-directional two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of severe cardiovascular events, such as acute myocardial infarction. This study investigates the interaction between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and CHD. However, most current studies are observational, which may introduce bias into the results.

METHODS AND

RESULTS

We conducted a two-way, two-sample Mendelian randomization study. The CHD sample was drawn from the 2021 population in the FinnGen database (cases: 21,012; controls: 197,780), while the serum 25(OH)D sample was obtained from the 2020 European population in the GWAS Catalog database (417,580 cases). Based on the inverse variance weighted (IVW) results, we found that the risk of CHD decreased with increasing serum 25(OH)D concentrations (P < 0.05), and that higher CHD risk was associated with lower serum 25(OH)D concentrations (P = 0.04).

CONCLUSIONS

Our study found that increased serum 25(OH)D concentration may serve as a protective factor against CHD. Additionally, we found that CHD can be a risk factor that affects serum 25(OH)D concentrations in humans.