[Botulinum toxin in otorhinolaryngology].

BACKGROUND AND

OBJECTIVES

Through its anticholinergic effect, botulinum toxin is a suitable therapeutic option for dysfunctions of the muscular and the autonomic nervous system.

PATIENTS/

METHODS

Beside the classical indications like facial hyperkinesis (i.e. blepharospasm, hemifacial spasm), the treatment of complex dystonias (oromandibular dystonia, spasmodic dystonia, cervical dystonia), gustatory sweating, hypersalivation and crocodile tears is successful. Botulinum toxin is an alternative treatment of tension type headache and migraine. A new indication of botulinum toxin application may involve the treatment of nasal hypersecretion through the effect on the nasal glands.

RESULTS

The positive therapeutic effect starts a few days after treatment and lasts longer in disorders of the autonomic nervous system. Because of its temporally limited therapeutic effect, the patients need further treatment. Side-effects are rare.

CONCLUSIONS

Botulinum toxin is an effective treatment for a variety disorders with different etiologies and has very few side effects.