Latent profile analysis of resilience among people with serious mental illness.

OBJECTIVES

Resilience is a critical indicator of the personal recovery process for people with serious mental illness (SMI). However, little is known about resilience subtypes among this population. Grounded in Kumpfer's resilience model (KRM), the study aims to identify latent types of resilience among people with SMI using latent profile analysis (LPA).

DESIGN

A cross-sectional survey design was used.

METHODS

A total of 297 individuals with self-reported SMI completed an online survey, including demographic variables and measures that resemble core components of the KRM.

RESULTS

The LPA identified three resilience profiles: Maladaptive, Homeostatic and Resilient. One-way analyses of variance (ANOVA) revealed distinct patterns of the three resilience profiles on all factors in the KRM and the outcome variable-adaptation to psychiatric disability. ANOVA and Chi-square tests indicated several demographic variables predict profile membership, including age, marital status, highest educational attainment, employment status, average weekly work hours and primary SMI diagnosis. However, sex, race-ethnicity, annual income and years since SMI diagnosis do not predict profile membership.

CONCLUSIONS

The study contributes to the understanding of resilience subtypes and associated protective and risk factors for resilience among people with SMI, suggesting early, tailored strength-based interventions to promote resilience and personal recovery.