Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Among Sexually Active Individuals Toward Trichomoniasis in the Ashaiman Municipality, Ghana: A Cross-Sectional Study.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Trichomoniasis is a significant public health concern due to its implications for reproductive health and HIV transmission. Despite its prevalence, there is limited understanding of community knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding trichomoniasis in Ghana. This study aimed to assess KAP toward trichomoniasis among sexually active individuals in the Ashaiman Municipality of the Greater Accra Region.

METHODS

A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from February to April 2024 among 397 sexually active individuals aged 15-65 years. Participants were selected via simple random sampling. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26 and Stata version 17. Descriptive statistics summarized socio-demographic characteristics and knowledge, attitudes, and practices. Chi-square tests assessed bivariate associations, while multivariable linear and logistic regression models identified independent predictors. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.

RESULTS

Only 37.1% of respondents demonstrated good knowledge, 23.5% positive attitudes, and 34.1% good preventive practices regarding trichomoniasis. While 98% were aware of at least one STI, only 34.3% had heard of trichomoniasis, and 20.9% correctly identified its parasitic cause. Key information sources included television (21.5%) and health workers (20.2%). Bivariate analysis identified number of sexual partners (p = 0.001) and occupation (p = 0.011) as significant risk factors. Multivariable regression confirmed that multiple sexual partners strongly predicted poorer preventive practices (p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

Knowledge, attitudes, and preventive practices related to trichomoniasis were generally poor among respondents. The findings underscore an urgent need for targeted, theory-based health education and integration of trichomoniasis services into primary healthcare to improve awareness and promote safer sexual practices in Ghanaian communities.