Comparison of low-fat meal and high-fat meal on postprandial lipemic response in non-obese men according to the -1131T>C polymorphism of the apolipoprotein A5 (APOA5) gene (randomized cross-over design).

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to compare low-fat (LF) meal and high-fat (HF) meal on the postprandial lipemic responses according to the -1131T>C polymorphism of the APOA5 gene in a population usually consuming a LF diet and having a high frequency of the variant allele at the APOA5 -1131T>C SNP.

METHODS

This study was conducted using a cross-over design and 49 non-obese healthy men (42.8 +/- 0.7 yrs, 23.9 +/- 0.25 kg/m(2)) participated in the meal tolerance test. They were randomly assigned to consume one of two types of experimental enteral formulae (LF vs HF) with a seven-day interval. Blood samples were collected at 0, 2, 3, 4 and 6h after ingestion and analyzed for total and chylomicron TG, glucose, insulin and free fatty acid.

RESULTS

No differences were found in anthropometic parameter, calorie and macronutrient intakes and total energy expenditure between TT (n = 23) and TC + CC (n = 26) men. Fasting total TG were higher in TC + CC men than TT men, but fasting chylomicron TG were not significantly different between TT men and C carriers, TT subjects had no significant differences in postprandial responses of total TG and chylomicron TG and postprandial mean changes of chylomicron TG between LF and HF meal. On the other hand, C carriers had delayed peak time of total TG compared to TT subject and higher postprandial response and mean changes of chylomicron TG at HF meal compared to LF meal.

CONCLUSION

The capacity to clear chylomicron-TG or hydrolyze TG might become a rate-limiting factor on HF diet in TC + CC men resulting in higher postprandial triglyceridemia. Therefore, HF diet for C carriers of the APOA5 gene may be one of important CVD risk factors.