Endoscopic View of Gastroduodenal Artery Coils at the Base of Duodenal Ulcer in Case of Recurrent Massive Upper Gastrointestinal Bleed.

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is one of the major causes of bleeding peptic ulcer disease, which is associated with serious complications; therefore, the eradication of H. pylori is essential to prevent these devastating complications. Post-treatment follow-up is crucial to guarantee the eradication of the organism and may be conducted via the urea breath test, the stool antigen test, or a gastric biopsy. Acute massive upper gastrointestinal (UGI) bleeding is one of the most common complications of peptic ulcer disease. Aggressive treatment with early endoscopic hemostasis is essential for a favorable outcome. Recurrent massive nonvariceal UGI bleeding remains a challenge. Optimal management requires a multidisciplinary team of skilled endoscopists, intensivists, experienced UGI surgeons, and interventional radiologists. Endoscopy is the first-line treatment after hemodynamic stability is achieved. The role of early elective surgery or angiographic embolization in selected high-risk patients to prevent re-bleeding remains controversial.