Head and neck pathology · 2022
Infiltration of Mature KLRG1 Expressing Cytotoxic T Cells in Oral Lichen Planus.
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Soler-Ferran Dulce, Louis Fabiola, Woo Sook-Bin, Greenberg Steven A
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting oral mucosa. Its pathogenesis includes T cell infiltration. T cells may be naïve or in response to antigen stimulation, progress through differentiation stages. The differentiated states of T cells in OLP mucosa have not previously been reported.
METHODS: Available OLP microarray gene expression data from Gene Expression Omnibus were analyzed for markers of T cell cytotoxicity. Immunohistochemical studies of T cell subset markers CD4 and CD8 and the T cell differentiation marker killer cell lectin-like receptor G1 (KLRG1) were performed on paraffin embedded formalin fixed oral mucosa biopsy samples from 10 patients with OLP.
RESULTS: Gene expression analysis of OLP oral mucosa samples disclosed increased transcript expression of KLRG1, CD8A, and granzyme K (GZMK). By immunohistochemistry, prominent CD4 + and CD8 + T cell infiltration was seen in all patient samples. KLRG1 + T cells were abundant, constituting a mean of 51% (range 40-65%) of the number of CD8 + T cells. KLRG1 + T cells localized at the epithelium and lamina propria junction, infiltrating both basal and intraepithelial regions and adjacent to both basal and intraepithelial keratinocytes.
CONCLUSIONS: OLP oral mucosa T cell infiltration includes KLRG1 + highly differentiated cytotoxic T cells, suggesting continued antigen exposure driving T cells to a highly differentiated phenotype. The known phenotype of these cells, together with microarray detected increases in cytotoxic molecules, suggests that highly differentiated cytotoxic T cells contribute to oral mucosa injury in OLP.
METHODS: Available OLP microarray gene expression data from Gene Expression Omnibus were analyzed for markers of T cell cytotoxicity. Immunohistochemical studies of T cell subset markers CD4 and CD8 and the T cell differentiation marker killer cell lectin-like receptor G1 (KLRG1) were performed on paraffin embedded formalin fixed oral mucosa biopsy samples from 10 patients with OLP.
RESULTS: Gene expression analysis of OLP oral mucosa samples disclosed increased transcript expression of KLRG1, CD8A, and granzyme K (GZMK). By immunohistochemistry, prominent CD4 + and CD8 + T cell infiltration was seen in all patient samples. KLRG1 + T cells were abundant, constituting a mean of 51% (range 40-65%) of the number of CD8 + T cells. KLRG1 + T cells localized at the epithelium and lamina propria junction, infiltrating both basal and intraepithelial regions and adjacent to both basal and intraepithelial keratinocytes.
CONCLUSIONS: OLP oral mucosa T cell infiltration includes KLRG1 + highly differentiated cytotoxic T cells, suggesting continued antigen exposure driving T cells to a highly differentiated phenotype. The known phenotype of these cells, together with microarray detected increases in cytotoxic molecules, suggests that highly differentiated cytotoxic T cells contribute to oral mucosa injury in OLP.