Pharmaceutical research · 2013
Inhalable powder formulation of pirfenidone with reduced phototoxic risk for treatment of pulmonary fibrosis.
СтатьяПоддержка исследования: вне правительства СШАНазвание и аннотация: Перевод пока не подготовлен
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Onoue Satomi, Seto Yoshiki, Kato Masashi, Aoki Yosuke, Kojo Yoshiki, Yamada Shizuo
Аннотация
PURPOSE: Orally-taken pirfenidone (PFD), an idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis drug, often causes severe phototoxicity. Present study aimed to develop a respirable powder formulation for PFD (PFD-RP) to minimize phototoxic risk.
METHODS: Photochemical properties of PFD were examined using a reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay and photostability testing. PFD-RP was characterized with a focus on photostability, in vitro inhalation performance, and the efficacy in antigen-sensitized rats. Pharmacokinetic studies were conducted after oral and intratracheal administration of PFD formulations.
RESULTS: Although PFD solution exhibited photodegradation under simulated sunlight (250 W/m²), both PFD powder and PFD-RP were photochemically stable. Laser diffraction and cascade impactor analyses on PFD-RP suggested its high dispersion and fine in vitro inhalation performance. Inhaled PFD-RP (300 μg-PFD/rat) could suppress antigen-evoked pulmonary inflammation in rats as evidenced by decreases in recruited inflammatory cells and neutrophilia-related biomarkers in the lung. Exposure of PFD to light-exposed tissues (skin and eye) after intratracheal administration of PFD-RP at a pharmacologically effective dose (300 μg-PFD/rat) was 90-130-fold less than that of the oral PFD dosage form at a phototoxic dose (160 mg/kg).
CONCLUSIONS: PFD-RP might be an attractive alternative to the current oral PFD therapy with a better safety margin.
METHODS: Photochemical properties of PFD were examined using a reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay and photostability testing. PFD-RP was characterized with a focus on photostability, in vitro inhalation performance, and the efficacy in antigen-sensitized rats. Pharmacokinetic studies were conducted after oral and intratracheal administration of PFD formulations.
RESULTS: Although PFD solution exhibited photodegradation under simulated sunlight (250 W/m²), both PFD powder and PFD-RP were photochemically stable. Laser diffraction and cascade impactor analyses on PFD-RP suggested its high dispersion and fine in vitro inhalation performance. Inhaled PFD-RP (300 μg-PFD/rat) could suppress antigen-evoked pulmonary inflammation in rats as evidenced by decreases in recruited inflammatory cells and neutrophilia-related biomarkers in the lung. Exposure of PFD to light-exposed tissues (skin and eye) after intratracheal administration of PFD-RP at a pharmacologically effective dose (300 μg-PFD/rat) was 90-130-fold less than that of the oral PFD dosage form at a phototoxic dose (160 mg/kg).
CONCLUSIONS: PFD-RP might be an attractive alternative to the current oral PFD therapy with a better safety margin.