Nutritional alterations in persons with HIV infection.

Potential relationships among nutritional status, immune function and quality of life were examined in a convenience sample of 40 outpatient homosexual and bisexual males stratified into five categories, using modified Walter Reed Staging Criteria. Nutritional status was assessed by measuring height, weight, triceps skinfold thickness, arm circumference, nutrient intake and serum albumin. Immune status was evaluated by determining T-helper cell numbers and percentages. The Quality of Life test was used to obtain information about life quality. Nutritional assessment failed to show significant differences among groups with the exception that serum albumin levels were reduced in persons with AIDS. The significance of change in serum albumin in regard to nutritional status is unclear, since serum albumin is affected by a number of non-nutritional factors, such as hydration status and liver function. The study also revealed a significant decline in T-helper percentages, but not absolute T-helper cell numbers as a function of disease stage. There were no statistically significant differences between the quality of life scores with respect to each grouping. These data suggest that asymptomatic patients as well as those with ARC or stable AIDS are able to maintain body weight and composition.