[EPIDEMIOLOGY OF VISCERAL FUNGAL INFECTION IN FRANCE AND IN THE WORLD].

Invasive fungal infections are severe infections and constantly rising in developed countries. Indeed, advances in hematology, oncology, transplantation and intensive care medicine, are responsible for a longer and deeper immunodepression, in patients which are increasingly older. Only HIV-associated cryptococcosis and Pneumocystis pneumonia are decreasing, in countries where HAART are available and have been able to restore immunity. An increase in the antifungal therapies exposure lead to the emergence of less susceptible species/isolates to usual treatments, and other fungi (Mucorales, Scedosporium, Fusarium). However, in developing countries where access to HAART is limited, cryptococcosis remains a major public health. To a lesser degree, some endemic mycoses are on the rise.