Characteristics of Myopic Traction Maculopathy in the Aier-SERI High Myopia Adult Cohort Study.

PURPOSE: To describe the prevalence, clinical characteristics, associations, and visual outcomes of myopic traction maculopathy (MTM), which was defined by the presence of retinoschisis (RS), macular holes (MHs), or foveal retinal detachment (RD), in an adult high myope cohort in Changsha, China.

DESIGN

A cross-sectional study.

PARTICIPANTS

Chinese adults with high myopia (defined as spherical equivalent [SE] less than or equal to -5 diopters [D]) in the Aier-Singapore Eye Research Institute High Myopia Adult Cohort Study, which is a prospective population-based study.

METHODS

Swept-source OCT was performed to detect RS, MH, and foveal RD. Multivariable generalized estimating equation analyses were performed to assess associations of MTM and the impact of MTM on best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA).

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Prevalence, clinical characteristics, associations, and visual outcomes of MTM.

RESULTS

Of 437 participants (839 eyes), MTM was observed in 20 participants with a prevalence of 4.6% (by participants) or in 24 eyes (with a prevalence of 2.9%; by eyes). Overall, the whole cohort (64.7% female) had a mean age of 42.9 ± 7.2 years, an SE of -9.5 ± 4.4 D, and an axial length (AL) of 27.3 ± 1.9 mm. Retinoschisis was the most common lesion (91.7%; 22/24 eyes with MTM). In the multivariable analysis, the prevalence of MTM was associated with a more myopic SE (odds ratio [OR]: 1.09; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01-1.18; P = 0.03), longer AL (OR: 1.30; 95% CI: 1.03-1.65; P = 0.03), myopic macular degeneration (MMD) (OR: 12.77; 95% CI: 3.18-51.24; P < 0.001), and older age (OR: 1.06; 95% CI: 1.01-1.11; P = 0.01). In the multivariable analysis, the prevalence of MTM was also associated with poorer BCVA (beta coefficient: -0.07; 95% CI: -0.13 to -0.01; P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONS

The prevalence of MTM was 4.6% in an adult high myope cohort. Associations with MTM include more myopic SE, longer AL, MMD, and older age. Myopic traction maculopathy is associated with poorer vision.

FINANCIAL DISCLOSURES: The authors have no proprietary or commercial interest in any materials discussed in this article.