Psychopharmacology · 2010
Acoustic startle reduction in cocaine dependence persists for 1 year of abstinence.
Клиническое исследованиеСтатьяПоддержка NIH: внешняя программаНазвание и аннотация: Перевод пока не подготовлен
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Corcoran Sarah, Norrholm Seth D, Cuthbert Bruce, Sternberg Maya, Hollis Jeff, Duncan Erica
Аннотация
RATIONALE: Chronic cocaine use results in long-lasting neurochemical changes that persist beyond the acute withdrawal period. Previous work from our group reported a profound reduction in the acoustic startle response (ASR) in chronic cocaine-dependent subjects in early abstinence compared to healthy controls that may be related to long-lasting neuroadaptations following withdrawal from chronic cocaine use.
OBJECTIVES: This study aims to investigate the persistence and time course of the decrements in the ASR of cocaine-dependent subjects during prolonged abstinence.
METHODS: Seventy-six cocaine-dependent (COC) subjects and 30 controls (CONT) were tested, the former after a period of heavy cocaine dependence. COC subjects were retested sequentially for 1 year of abstinence or until relapse. ASR testing was conducted at 3-dB levels and the eye-blink component of the startle response was quantified with electromyographic recording of the orbicularis oculi muscle.
RESULTS: While there was no difference in startle magnitude between CONT and COC in early abstinence, by day 40 of abstinence COC subjects exhibited a statistically significant decline (p = 0.0057) in ASR magnitude as compared with CONT and this decrement persisted for up to 1 year of abstinence (p = 0.0165). In addition, startle latency was slower in COC subjects as compared with CONT at all stages of abstinence.
CONCLUSIONS: These results replicate and expand upon the earlier finding that chronic cocaine use impairs the ASR in a manner that persists beyond the acute withdrawal period. This phenomenon may represent a biological measure of long-term neural changes accompanying cocaine dependence and subsequent withdrawal.
OBJECTIVES: This study aims to investigate the persistence and time course of the decrements in the ASR of cocaine-dependent subjects during prolonged abstinence.
METHODS: Seventy-six cocaine-dependent (COC) subjects and 30 controls (CONT) were tested, the former after a period of heavy cocaine dependence. COC subjects were retested sequentially for 1 year of abstinence or until relapse. ASR testing was conducted at 3-dB levels and the eye-blink component of the startle response was quantified with electromyographic recording of the orbicularis oculi muscle.
RESULTS: While there was no difference in startle magnitude between CONT and COC in early abstinence, by day 40 of abstinence COC subjects exhibited a statistically significant decline (p = 0.0057) in ASR magnitude as compared with CONT and this decrement persisted for up to 1 year of abstinence (p = 0.0165). In addition, startle latency was slower in COC subjects as compared with CONT at all stages of abstinence.
CONCLUSIONS: These results replicate and expand upon the earlier finding that chronic cocaine use impairs the ASR in a manner that persists beyond the acute withdrawal period. This phenomenon may represent a biological measure of long-term neural changes accompanying cocaine dependence and subsequent withdrawal.