Lung retransplantation 3 yrs after heart-lung transplantation.

The main long-term complication after lung transplantation is chronic rejection in terms of obliterative bronchiolitis; when therapy does not arrest the progression of the airflow obstruction, lung retransplantation seems to be. at present, the only strategy in the management of chronic rejection. We report the 12 month follow-up of a single lung retransplantation in a 21 yr old female who had received a heart-lung transplantation 35 months previously for Eisenmenger syndrome. The patient had excellent first allograft function and quality of life for 26 months, then progressively deteriorated due to the occurrence of obliterative bronchiolitis, and further worsened in the following 9 months. At that time, she underwent left lung retransplantation, based on her negative history of infection, low rate of acute rejection, ambulatory status, and young age. She is now doing well at 12 months after retransplantation and her forced expiratory volume in one second is still improving, p thus justifying both retransplantation and hopeful expectation.