Atrax robustus envenomation.

Two patients who developed massive pulmonary oedema, profound vasoconstriction and hypertension followed by hypotension after Atrax Robustus envenomation are described. The pulmonary oedema is due to increased pulmonary capillary membrane permeability which may be due to neurogenic or toxic causes. Use of artificial ventilation with high level PEEP, isoprenaline and high dose steroids allowed support of the patients during volume replacement with albumin. When the circulation was stable and airway frothing ceased, conventional dehydration therapy further improved lung function. Both patients were discharged well.