Identification of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in an HIV-negative bronchiectasis patient with respiratory infection based on metagenomic next-generation sequencing: A case report.

Bronchiectasis is often caused by serious infections. Infections caused by Enterocytozoon bieneusi (E. bieneusi) is most common in the immunocompromised host, such as HIV-positive patients. Herein, we reported an HIV-negative patient with bronchiectasis infected with E. bieneusi, which diagnosed by mNGS and validated by Sanger sequencing. During the treatment of albendazole, the patient gradually recovered. This is the first report of a case of respiratory E. bieneusi infection in a bronchiectasis patient. This finding highlights the efficacy of mNGS for pathogen diagnosis in bronchiectasis patients and the potential treatment option of albendazole for bronchiectasis patients with E. bieneusi infection.