[Pathogenesis of autoantibodies in demyelinating disorders of the central nervous system].

Several autoantibodies in relation to central nervous system demyelinating diseases (CDD) have been reported. Among them, anti-aquaporin 4(AQP4) antibody in neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a reliable marker for the diagnosis of NMO and the antibody is thought to be closely related to its pathogenesis. Another antibody, anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody is recently recognized in relevance to CDD, especially in seronegative NMO. Anti-MOG antibodies are also paid attention in pediatric acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) and optic neuritis, however the roles for the pathogenesis in these disorders are still not clear. Generally, B cells and autoantibodies are thought to have certain roles in CDD.