[New frontiers in aortic surgery].

In cardiac surgery, aortic diseases represent an important chapter, and include treatments from the aortic valve to the descending aorta. The infra-diaphragmatic abdominal aorta, generally and historically, is the domain of vascular surgery. Despite the excellent and consolidated results obtained in the treatment of thoracic aortic disease, surgical mortality and morbidity are still relevant, also due to the presence of older patients with more extensive and complex aortic disease. In the last decades, the better knowledge of the aortic issues and the availability of new grafts have resulted in an important evolution of the management, both at the aortic valve and vessel level, with use of transcatheter grafts (transcatheter aortic valve implantation and thoracic endovascular aortic repair). The evidence of the right indications and the long-term results will determine the real usefulness and effectiveness of these "new" procedures and their role as safe and definitive aortic therapies.