Journal of public health research · 2026
Cross-cultural adaptation of Caregiver oral health knowledge questionnaire and its association with oral health status among Vietnamese children and adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder.
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Duong Duc Long, Tran Luu Dong A, Le Van Anh, Nguyen Tien Dung, Vu Manh Tuan, Tran Thi My Hanh, To Thi Bach Duong, Pham Le Huong Linh, Luong Minh Hang
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often face oral health challenges and depend heavily on caregivers for daily oral care. In Vietnam, evidence linking caregivers' oral health knowledge to children's oral health remains limited. Therefore, this study aimed to cross-culturally adapt and validate a caregiver oral health knowledge questionnaire for Vietnamese use and investigate its association with oral health status among children and adolescents with ASD.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A questionnaire on caregivers' oral health knowledge was validated through a pilot study using Cronbach's alpha coefficient and exploratory factor analysis. A cross-sectional study included 170 children and adolescents with ASD and their caregivers. Participants received oral examinations assessing dmft/DMFT, and DI-S. Group differences were analyzed using nonparametric tests. Multivariable negative binomial regression models were applied for dmft and DMFT, and linear regression for DI-S. Significance was set at p < 0.05.
RESULTS: The questionnaire demonstrated acceptable reliability (Cronbach's alpha = 0.73) and mainly unidimensional structure. Higher caregiver knowledge was significantly associated with better oral hygiene (p < 0.001), no association with dmft, and inconsistent associations with DMFT. Age was strongly associated with DMFT (p < 0.001). Household income was the only sociodemographic factor significantly associated with outcomes.
CONCLUSION: A caregiver oral health knowledge questionnaire underwent cross-cultural adaptation and validation for use in Vietnam. Greater caregiver oral health knowledge and higher income were associated with better oral hygiene in children and adolescents with ASD, highlighting the relevance of caregiver and socioeconomic factors in oral health research for this population.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A questionnaire on caregivers' oral health knowledge was validated through a pilot study using Cronbach's alpha coefficient and exploratory factor analysis. A cross-sectional study included 170 children and adolescents with ASD and their caregivers. Participants received oral examinations assessing dmft/DMFT, and DI-S. Group differences were analyzed using nonparametric tests. Multivariable negative binomial regression models were applied for dmft and DMFT, and linear regression for DI-S. Significance was set at p < 0.05.
RESULTS: The questionnaire demonstrated acceptable reliability (Cronbach's alpha = 0.73) and mainly unidimensional structure. Higher caregiver knowledge was significantly associated with better oral hygiene (p < 0.001), no association with dmft, and inconsistent associations with DMFT. Age was strongly associated with DMFT (p < 0.001). Household income was the only sociodemographic factor significantly associated with outcomes.
CONCLUSION: A caregiver oral health knowledge questionnaire underwent cross-cultural adaptation and validation for use in Vietnam. Greater caregiver oral health knowledge and higher income were associated with better oral hygiene in children and adolescents with ASD, highlighting the relevance of caregiver and socioeconomic factors in oral health research for this population.