Sociodemographic Determinants of Knowledge and Risk Perception Regarding Community Fluoridation: A Cross-Sectional Study in Iași, Romania.

Background and Objectives: Community fluoridation is an effective public health measure for dental caries prevention; however, knowledge and risk perception vary. This study assessed knowledge, attitudes, and sociodemographic determinants related to community fluoridation. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in May-June 2023 among 200 adults from Iași, Romania, using a self-administered questionnaire. Chi-square tests were applied. Results: Most respondents were familiar with fluoride (94%) and its protective role (91%), but fewer knew fluoridation methods (34%) or dental fluorosis (53%). Educational level was associated with awareness of water fluoridation (χ2 = 32.219, p < 0.001), and gender with safety perceptions (χ2 = 6.031, p = 0.049). Perceived toxicity was strongly associated with fluoridation safety attitudes (χ2 = 29.116, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Although general awareness is high, understanding remains limited. Sociodemographic factors influence knowledge and risk perception, highlighting the need for targeted communication.