Atopic dermatitis-alleviating effects of lactiplantibacillus plantarum LRCC5195 paraprobiotics through microbiome modulation and safety assessment via genomic characterization and in vitro analysis.

The efficacy of paraprobiotics from Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LRCC5195 (LP5195-P) in alleviating atopic dermatitis (AD) through microbiome modulation and its safety were evaluated in AD-induced mice. Oral administration of LP5195-P to mice for 8 weeks after AD induction was used to investigate changes in microbiota, immune regulation, and symptoms of dermatitis. Taxonomic analysis of the gut microbiota revealed substantially higher bacterial diversity and abundance in LP5195-P treated group compared to that in negative control. Metabolic analysis revealed significant changes in short-chain fatty acid levels. These microbiome changes correlated with alterations in immune modulation. Furthermore, LP5195-P treatment decreased gene expression related to Treg and Th2 responses in the ileum and skin. Improvements in AD symptoms, including edema and erythema, were observed, and inhibitory effects on histamine release and β-hexosaminidase activity were demonstrated. In conclusion, LP5195-P administration induced a balanced immune response involving gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic candidate for AD.