[Clinical usefulness of dexamethasone test in depression].

The paper stresses the importance of the dexamethasone suppression test in the diagnosis of severe depression (major psychiatric disorders). For some decades researchers have been aware of the importance of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal gland axis in the physiological response to stress, and likewise the importance of possible correlations between emotional and biological factors in psychiatric disorders. Several studies have sustained that in major psychiatric disorders, and in particular in depression, not only is there a hypersecretion of cortisol, but also a resistance to the suppression of cortisol secretion which normally follows the injection of an exogenous steroid, for example dexamethasone. This laboratory test is therefore of value both for diagnostic purposes and for identifying severe depression from other morbid conditions; it may also be usefully employed for prognostic and therapeutic purposes.