Podoconiosis: Review of this Unusual Cause of Lower Extremity Lymphedema and its Global Health Burden.

Podoconiosis, or non-filarial elephantiasis, affects nearly 4 million people globally, primarily in regions with volcanic red clay soil. Characterized by lower extremity lymphedema from prolonged barefoot exposure to irritant soil particles, it causes significant economic losses, including $200 million annually in Ethiopia. While its pathogenesis is unclear, genetic predisposition (HLA expression), inflammatory responses, and altered skin microbiota are implicated. Prevention focuses on footwear and hygiene, though these are costly. The stigma surrounding visible symptoms highlights the need for increased research, better diagnostics, effective treatment, and public health awareness.