Evaluation and clinical characteristics of anxiety, depression, and sleep quality among adult patients with seizure clusters.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to examine the clinical characteristics among seizure clusters (SCs) in adult patients with epilepsy, measure anxiety and depression symptoms, sleep quality and analyze risk factors related to these conditions while assessing their social burden.

METHODS

The Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), the Neurological Disorders Depression Inventory for Epilepsy (NDDI-E), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) were among the structured questionnaires utilized in Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted on the related differential indicators.

RESULTS

A total of 330 adult patients with epilepsy were included. Statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) were found between the patients with SCs and without groups in terms of age at first onset, etiology, semiology distribution, imaging and EEG results, therapy, and prognosis. SC patients had significantly higher GAD-7, NDDI-E, and PSQI average total scores than in the Non-Seizure Cluster (NSC) group. (p < 0.001), and the distribution of related factors varying by age and daily seizure frequency. Patients with SCs had shown lower objective support, including material support, social networks, and group relationships than the control group SIGNIFICANCE: SCs are a type of clinical emergency. Patients with SCs are more susceptible to anxiety, depression, poor sleep quality and social burden, requiring proactive intervention and mental health management. This study is registered with the Chinese Clinical Trials Registry (identifier: ChiCTR2400088157).