Real time three-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography evaluation in a patient with congenital pulmonary vein stenosis.

Although real time three-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography (RD-3DTTE) has been used in children with complex congenital heart diseases, the benefit of RD-3DTTE as a vision of the pulmonary veins still requires further evaluation. We present here, a 3-year-old girl with a stenosis of the left upper pulmonary vein (LUPV). Excellent images were obtained rapidly by RD-3DTTE that successfully visualized the narrowing at the junction of the LUPV. The result was demonstrated by MRI, cardiac catheterization, and operation. RD-3DTTE is a feasible and promising technique in evaluating pulmonary veins in children.