Diabetic peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetes: prevalence and associated factors in Midwest Brazil.

OBJECTIVE

This study investigated the prevalence and factors associated with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) attending a referral center in Midwest Brazil.

SUBJECTS AND

METHODS

This cross-sectional study included 276 patients with T2DM, categorized into DPN and non-DPN groups. DPN was assessed using the Neuropathy Disability Score. Sociodemographic and lifestyle data were collected via structured interviews, whereas clinical and laboratory data were obtained from medical records.

RESULTS

DPN prevalence was 64.5% (95% CI: 58.9%-70.1%). Among those affected, most were female (59.0%), aged over 67 years old (37.7%), living with diabetes for more than 10 years (52.3%). Poor glycemic control and a sedentary lifestyle were observed in 78.9% and 85.4% of participants, respectively. In multivariable analysis, male sex (PR = 1.32; 95% CI: 1.12-1.56), retirement/inactivity (PR = 1.43; 95% CI: 1.11-1.85), T2DM duration >10 years (PR = 1.22; 95% CI: 1.03-1.44), sedentary lifestyle (PR = 1.34; 95% CI: 1.02-1.76), peripheral arterial disease (PR = 1.25; 95% CI: 1.08-1.46), and prior acute myocardial infarction (PR = 1.21; 95% CI: 1.01-1.45) were independently associated with higher DPN prevalence.

CONCLUSION

DPN was highly prevalent among patients with T2DM. Particular attention should be directed toward men, older adults, individuals with long-standing diabetes, and those with cardiovascular comorbidities. Promoting regular physical activity and comprehensive management of cardiovascular risk factors may help prevent disease progression and related complications.