Vascular surgery won a battle but is losing the war: a call to arms for every vascular surgeon.

This paper describes the present status of the initiative to obtain American Board of Medical Specialties (ABMS) approval of an independent American Board of Vascular Surgery (ABVS). The need for such a board arises from the evolution of vascular surgery into a distinct, well-defined specialty that deals with all aspects of vascular disease, including knowledge of its natural history, all methods of noninvasive and invasive diagnosis, conservative and medical treatment, open operative treatment, endovascular treatment, and periprocedural care. Because of the greater skill requirements and increased complexity of vascular surgery, its paradigms of training must be changed. Longer periods of vascular training are required with a reciprocal 2- to 3-year shortening of training in general surgery. This cannot be done without an independent ABVS. The effort to obtain ABVS approval has elicited opposition from the American Board of Surgery (ABS) and from some vascular surgery leaders associated with it, making the ABVS a contentious issue. A successful effort was made to reach consensus within vascular surgery, and the ABVS application was submitted to the ABMS. As a result of an ABS campaign that combined pressure and dire warnings, this application encountered intense opposition within the ABMS and its Liaison Committee for Specialty Boards (LCSB). Institutional and professional self-interest, rather than quality of patient care, appeared to be the overriding considerations in the ABS argument. Measures to overcome this ABS opposition and obstructionism are proposed. They require unity, action, and tangible support from all vascular surgeons. If this call to arms goes unheeded, vascular surgery will not continue to be the self-sufficient specialty it has become and, most importantly, patient care will suffer.