[Strongyloidiasis: who is at risk of severe infection and how to prevent it?].

Strongyloides stercoralis hyperinfection syndrome, which carries a high mortality (60%), occurs usually after immunosuppressive therapy. Cellular immunosuppression allows the parasite to reactivate and stimulate its cycle of auto-infection. It is therefore important to prevent this syndrome by screening at risk patients at risk for chronic strongyloidiasis before starting immunosuppressive treatment and especially before treatment with corticosteroids, even that of short duration. Ivermectine is the treatment of choice.