[Analysis and treatment of a patient with bilateral pthiriasis palpebrarum].

OBSERVATION: a 41-year-old man presented to the ophthalmologic emergency department with ocular burns. The examination showed many parasites at several stages of the parasitic cycle. The parasitologic analysis found many Pthirus pubis in the eyelids. The dermatological consultation determined that other locations were affected and sought other sexually transmitted diseases and also detected other exposed patients. The detailed clinical examination determined the type of ectoparasite concerned and noted the various phases of its parasitic cycle. The differential diagnosis with Pthirus capitatis can be difficult and its treatment is different. Precise knowledge of the various ectoparasites provided the diagnosis. Screening for sexually transmitted diseases and investigations of the subjects' contacts were essential.

CONCLUSION: the diagnosis of pthiriasis is easy at an advanced stage; however, it could be more difficult at earlier stages. Its treatment is not often familiar to the ophthalmologist. Eradicating pthiriasis without investigating other sexually transmitted infections as well as the subjects' contacts could have more serious consequences on public health.