Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2015
Salmonella Bacteremia Among Children in Central and Northwest Nigeria, 2008-2015.
СтатьяПоддержка NIH: внешняя программаПоддержка исследования: вне правительства СШАНазвание и аннотация: Перевод пока не подготовлен
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Obaro Stephen K, Hassan-Hanga Fatimah, Olateju Eyinade K, Umoru Dominic, Lawson Lovett, Olanipekun Grace, Ibrahim Sadeeq, Munir Huda, Ihesiolor Gabriel, Maduekwe Augustine, Ohiaeri Chinatu, Adetola Anthony, Shetima Denis, Jibir Binta W, Nakaura Hafsat, Kocmich Nicholas, Ajose Therasa, Idiong David, Masokano Kabir, Ifabiyi Adeyemi, Ihebuzor Nnenna, Chen Baojiang, Meza Jane, Akindele Adebayo, Rezac-Elgohary Amy, Olaosebikan Rasaq, Suwaid Salman, Gambo Mahmoud, Alter Roxanne, Davies Herbert D, Fey Paul D
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Etiologic agents of childhood bacteremia remain poorly defined in Nigeria. The absence of such data promotes indiscriminate use of antibiotics and delays implementation of appropriate preventive strategies.
METHODS: We established diagnostic laboratories for bacteremia surveillance at regional sites in central and northwest Nigeria. Acutely ill children aged <5 years with clinically suspected bacteremia were evaluated at rural and urban clinical facilities in the Federal Capital Territory, central region and in Kano, northwest Nigeria. Blood was cultured using the automated Bactec incubator system.
RESULTS: Between September 2008 and April 2015, we screened 10,133 children. Clinically significant bacteremia was detected in 609 of 4051 (15%) in the northwest and 457 of 6082 (7.5%) in the central region. Across both regions, Salmonella species account for 24%-59.8% of bacteremias and are the commonest cause of childhood bacteremia, with a predominance of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi. The prevalence of resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, and cotrimoxazole was 38.11%, with regional differences in susceptibility to different antibiotics but high prevalence of resistance to readily available oral antibiotics.
CONCLUSIONS: Salmonella Typhi is the leading cause of childhood bacteremia in central Nigeria. Expanded surveillance is planned to define the dynamics of transmission. The high prevalence of multidrug-resistant strains calls for improvement in environmental sanitation in the long term and vaccination in the short term.
METHODS: We established diagnostic laboratories for bacteremia surveillance at regional sites in central and northwest Nigeria. Acutely ill children aged <5 years with clinically suspected bacteremia were evaluated at rural and urban clinical facilities in the Federal Capital Territory, central region and in Kano, northwest Nigeria. Blood was cultured using the automated Bactec incubator system.
RESULTS: Between September 2008 and April 2015, we screened 10,133 children. Clinically significant bacteremia was detected in 609 of 4051 (15%) in the northwest and 457 of 6082 (7.5%) in the central region. Across both regions, Salmonella species account for 24%-59.8% of bacteremias and are the commonest cause of childhood bacteremia, with a predominance of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi. The prevalence of resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, and cotrimoxazole was 38.11%, with regional differences in susceptibility to different antibiotics but high prevalence of resistance to readily available oral antibiotics.
CONCLUSIONS: Salmonella Typhi is the leading cause of childhood bacteremia in central Nigeria. Expanded surveillance is planned to define the dynamics of transmission. The high prevalence of multidrug-resistant strains calls for improvement in environmental sanitation in the long term and vaccination in the short term.