Pharmaceutics · 2020
Effect of Gold Nanoparticle on 5-Fluorouracil-Induced Experimental Oral Mucositis in Hamsters.
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Vilar Carmem Jane Ferreira, Ribeiro Susana Barbosa, de Araújo Aurigena Antunes, Guerra Gerlane Coelho Bernardo, de Araújo Júnior Raimundo Fernandes, Brito Gerly Anne de Castro, Leitão Renata Ferreira Carvalho, Pontes Daniel de Lima, Gasparotto Luiz Henrique Da Silva, Oliveira Maisie Mitchele Barbosa, Viana Anderson Dias, de Medeiros Wendy Marina Toscano Queiroz, Bezerra Breno Gustavo Porfírio, de Medeiros Caroline Addison Carvalho Xavier
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Oral mucositis (OM) is a severe inflammation of the oral mucosal cells associated with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy-induced toxicity, resulting in epithelial ulcers and higher risk of death from sepsis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the nanoparticle (AuNp) effect on OM induced in hamsters.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: 5-fluorouracil (5FU) was used on the first and second day of the experimental model in Golden sirian hamsters, and on the fourth day, mechanical trauma was applied to induce OM. The animals were divided into groups, i.e., polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), mechanical trauma (MT), 5FU, and groups treated with gold nanoparticles (AuNps) (62.5, 125, and 250 μg/kg). On the 10th day, animals were euthanized for macroscopic, histopathological, immunohistochemical, western blot, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and AuNp quantification.
RESULTS: AuNp (250 μg/kg) reduced TNF-α, IL-1β, COX-2, NF-κB, TGF-β, and SMAD 2/3; increased glutathione levels; decreased the expression of Kelch ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1); and induced heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX-1) and NAD (P) H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) genes.
CONCLUSIONS: AuNp (250 μg/kg) prevented 5-FU-induced OM in hamsters and improved the parameters of inflammation and oxidative stress.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: 5-fluorouracil (5FU) was used on the first and second day of the experimental model in Golden sirian hamsters, and on the fourth day, mechanical trauma was applied to induce OM. The animals were divided into groups, i.e., polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), mechanical trauma (MT), 5FU, and groups treated with gold nanoparticles (AuNps) (62.5, 125, and 250 μg/kg). On the 10th day, animals were euthanized for macroscopic, histopathological, immunohistochemical, western blot, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and AuNp quantification.
RESULTS: AuNp (250 μg/kg) reduced TNF-α, IL-1β, COX-2, NF-κB, TGF-β, and SMAD 2/3; increased glutathione levels; decreased the expression of Kelch ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1); and induced heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX-1) and NAD (P) H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) genes.
CONCLUSIONS: AuNp (250 μg/kg) prevented 5-FU-induced OM in hamsters and improved the parameters of inflammation and oxidative stress.