Transference and countertransference reactions in the psychotherapy of pathological gamblers.

Traditionally, in psychodynamic forms of treatment, the patient's relationship with the therapist is central to eliciting and exploring the patient's characteristic ways of thinking, feeling and behaving. Research has increasingly demonstrated the significance of the therapeutic relationship to the treatment outcome. Since little has been written about the therapist-patient relationship in the treatment of pathological gambling, we shall describe what we have found to be some of the common and problematic transference and countertransference reactions and interactions. Both positive and negative transferences and countertransferences will be discussed not only as obstacles to successful therapy, but as tools for understanding patients' conflicts, defenses and reasons for gambling.