Frontiers in public health · 2026
Social media use and depression among middle-aged and older Chinese adults: mediating roles of health literacy and perceived social support.
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Liu Yihua, Zhao Xiaoge
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Most research on social media use and depression has focused on young adults. A few studies in middle-aged and older Chinese adults have reported a negative association, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.
METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among middle-aged and older adults (n = 2,743) in five cities of Hainan Province, China. Participants completed the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, the Social Media Use Integration Scale, the Short-Form Health Literacy Questionnaire, and the Perceived Social Support Scale. Mediation and moderation models were tested using the PROCESS macro with bootstrap methods.
RESULTS: Social media use was significantly negatively associated with depression (B = -0.045, p < 0.001). Health literacy (B = -0.009, 95% CI [-0.013, -0.005]) and perceived social support (B = -0.015, 95% CI [-0.019, -0.011]) mediated this relationship. Education level strengthened the positive associations of social media use with health literacy (B = 0.003, p < 0.05) and perceived social support (B = 0.019, p < 0.001).
CONCLUSION: Social media use was associated with lower levels of depression among middle-aged and older adults. Health literacy and perceived social support may serve as potential pathways underlying this association. In addition, these associations varied by education level.
METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among middle-aged and older adults (n = 2,743) in five cities of Hainan Province, China. Participants completed the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, the Social Media Use Integration Scale, the Short-Form Health Literacy Questionnaire, and the Perceived Social Support Scale. Mediation and moderation models were tested using the PROCESS macro with bootstrap methods.
RESULTS: Social media use was significantly negatively associated with depression (B = -0.045, p < 0.001). Health literacy (B = -0.009, 95% CI [-0.013, -0.005]) and perceived social support (B = -0.015, 95% CI [-0.019, -0.011]) mediated this relationship. Education level strengthened the positive associations of social media use with health literacy (B = 0.003, p < 0.05) and perceived social support (B = 0.019, p < 0.001).
CONCLUSION: Social media use was associated with lower levels of depression among middle-aged and older adults. Health literacy and perceived social support may serve as potential pathways underlying this association. In addition, these associations varied by education level.