Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2024
Vitamin D deficiency may accelerate cognitive decline in female apolipoprotein E ε4 non-carriers.
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Kim Jiwon, Ji Eunjeong, Bae Jong Bin, Han Ji Won, Kim Tae Hui, Kwak Kyung Phil, Kim Bong Jo, Kim Shin Gyeom, Kim Jeong Lan, Moon Seok Woo, Park Joon Hyuk, Ryu Seung-Ho, Youn Jong Chul, Lee Dong Young, Lee Dong Woo, Lee Seok Bum, Lee Jung Jae, Jhoo Jin Hyeong, Song Junghan, Lee Kyunghoon, Kim Ki Woong
Аннотация
BACKGROUND & AIMS: The impact of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) on cognition remains controversial. Evidences suggest that variability based on apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 status and gender, given APOE ε4's influence on vitamin D metabolism and women's heightened vitamin D sensitivity. We investigated the interplay between APOE ε4, gender, and VDD in cognitive decline among older adults.
METHODS: In a population-based cohort of 1547 cognitively normal Koreans aged ≥60 years, Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) changes were tracked biennially (2010-2020). VDD was defined as serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D < 10 ng/mL. Linear mixed models analyzed VDD effects, with subgroup analyses for APOE ε4 status and gender.
RESULTS: VDD was present in 21.3 % at baseline and was linked to faster MMSE decline (estimate = -0.054, 95 % CI [-0.091, -0.017], p = 0.004), particularly in APOE ε4 non-carriers (estimate = -0.070, 95 % CI [-0.112, -0.029], p = 0.001). A gender-based analysis revealed that this effect was significant only in female non-carriers (estimate = -0.097, 95 % CI [-0.156, -0.038], p = 0.001). Conversely, male non-carriers demonstrated an absence of a statistically significant association (estimate = -0.017, 95 % CI [-0.076, 0.041], p = 0.562).
CONCLUSIONS: VDD accelerates cognitive decline in cognitively normal APOE ε4 non-carriers, particularly women, underscoring the importance of tailored prevention strategies.
METHODS: In a population-based cohort of 1547 cognitively normal Koreans aged ≥60 years, Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) changes were tracked biennially (2010-2020). VDD was defined as serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D < 10 ng/mL. Linear mixed models analyzed VDD effects, with subgroup analyses for APOE ε4 status and gender.
RESULTS: VDD was present in 21.3 % at baseline and was linked to faster MMSE decline (estimate = -0.054, 95 % CI [-0.091, -0.017], p = 0.004), particularly in APOE ε4 non-carriers (estimate = -0.070, 95 % CI [-0.112, -0.029], p = 0.001). A gender-based analysis revealed that this effect was significant only in female non-carriers (estimate = -0.097, 95 % CI [-0.156, -0.038], p = 0.001). Conversely, male non-carriers demonstrated an absence of a statistically significant association (estimate = -0.017, 95 % CI [-0.076, 0.041], p = 0.562).
CONCLUSIONS: VDD accelerates cognitive decline in cognitively normal APOE ε4 non-carriers, particularly women, underscoring the importance of tailored prevention strategies.