Sheep producers' perceptions of oral lice treatments and current lice management strategies in Australia.

Bovicola ovis (sheep body lice) pose significant challenges to the productivity and profitability of Australian sheep enterprises. A novel oral lousicide product containing fluranaler was registered in Australia in 2023. An online cross-sectional observational survey of Australian sheep producers (with greater than 500 sheep) was conducted in 2024 to determine: (1) producer perceptions of oral lice treatments and product efficacy; (2) current lice management strategies used by producers; (3) the biosecurity practices being implemented for lice mitigation; and (4) the sources utilised by producers for advice on lice treatment, including the role of veterinarians. A total of 100 usable responses were obtained. Lice were reported being present in flocks within the last year in 42% of respondents' flocks. Oral lice treatment had been used by 36% of participants, with 19% currently using it as their main lousicide application method. This treatment was deemed effective either in eliminating lice (62%, n = 21) or reducing lice numbers (32%, n = 11) of respondents. Quarantining introduced livestock specifically for lice management was undertaken by 51% of respondents, with 65% (n = 33) of these quarantining for less than one month duration. Only 12% of all respondents quarantined for a period likely to be adequate for lice management (>3 months), suggesting many producers have inadequate quarantine procedures. Rural merchandise agents were the main source consulted for lice management advice (73%). The adoption of oral lousicide products among participants suggested a willingness to seek new management options for lice elimination; however, further research is required to determine ongoing clinical efficacy.