Essential blepharospasm: nursing update.

Essential blepharospasm is a chronic, potentially disabling disorder for which there is no known cause or cure. The term blepharospasm derives from the Greek word 'blepharon' meaning eyelid and the word 'essential' implies unknown cause. In neurological literature blepharospasm is classed as a focal dystonia. Lack of recognition of the disease may cause patients to consult numerous physicians as well as acupuncturists, chiropractors, faith healers and others in an effort to find a cure to what they are sure is not just a psychological problem. Nurses who are knowledgeable about the disease entity can easily recognize the symptoms. They can also prevent disability by recommending appropriate professional help. Treatment for the control of symptoms has only recently become available. It is the purpose of this discussion to review current information about blepharospasm that has particular relevance for neuroscience nurses in their personal as well as professional lives.