Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.) · 2026
The impact of pre-existing autoimmune diseases in myelodysplastic syndrome patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A retrospective cohort study.
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Wu Ning, Liu Jing, Lv Meng, Mo Xiao-Dong, Sun Yu-Qian, Cheng Yi-Fei, Xu Lan-Ping, Zhang Xiao-Hui, Huang Xiao-Jun, Wang Yu
Аннотация
Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is frequently accompanied by autoimmune diseases (AD), yet their combined impact on allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) remains controversial. We retrospectively studied 161 MDS patients undergoing allo-HSCT from 2013 to 2024, including 39 with pre-existing AD and 122 matched controls. Patients with AD had significantly lower platelet engraftment, higher relapse rate, inferior leukemia-free survival (LFS) and GVHD-free, relapse-free survival (GRFS). No significant differences were observed in overall survival, acute or chronic GVHD. Subgroup analysis revealed that active AD at transplantation conferred higher relapse and worse GRFS. Pre-existing AD is an independent risk factor for poor outcomes, supporting personalized strategies for this high-risk population.