[Trends of a burden on atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and its related risk factors in China, 1990 to 2019].

Objective

To quantitatively analyze the effects of population aging and other risk factors on the burden of atherosclerosis cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in China from 1990 to 2019.

Methods

Disability adjusted life years (DALY) and age-standardized rates obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 (GBD2019) were used to describe the temporal trend of a burden on ASCVD. And a decomposition method established by Gupta was applied to quantify the burden related to population growth, aging, age-specific prevalence, and the severity of the disease.

Results

In 2019, 61.00% of the burden of cardiovascular disease in China was caused by ASCVD. The DALY of ischemic heart disease increased by 133.66% compared with that in 1990, with 29.57% of the increase attributed to population growth, 108.74% due to population aging, and 8.87% due to the rise of age-specific prevalence and -13.53% benefited from changes in disease severity. The DALY of ischemic stroke increased by 138.64% compared with 1990, and the proportions attributable to the above four parts were 30.95%, 123.38%, 55.80%, and -71.49%, respectively. Hypertension remained the leading risk factor for ASCVD in 2019, followed by high LDL cholesterol. The age-standardized DALY rate attributable to drinking had the most significant increase (486.01%) from 1990, with an average annual growth of 10.93%.

Conclusions

Aging population seems responsible for the main reason for the considerable increase in the burden of ASCVD in China. Still, the adverse trends of other avoidable risk factors, especially metabolic risk factors, can not be ignored.